General Surgery EOR Smarty PANCE Samenvattingen, Aantekeningen en Examens

Appendicitis (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is appendicitis? Inflammation of the appendix caused by obstruction of the appendiceal lumen, producing a closed loop with resultant inflammation that can lead to necrosis and perforation Define Psoas Sign Pain elicited by extending the hip with the knee in full extension, seen with appendicitis and psoas inflammation Define Obturator Sign Pain upon internal rotation of the leg with the hip a...

Bariatric Surgery (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is bariatric surgery? Weight reduction surgery for the morbidly obese Define morbid obesity 1. BMI > 40 (basically, 100 pounds above ideal body weight) or 2. BMI > 35 with a medical problem related to morbid obesity What is BMI Body Mass Index; a measure of body weight relative to height What is the formula for BMI? body weight in kg divided by height in meters squared What is a f...

Diverticular disease (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct Describe diverticulitis Infection or perforation of a diverticulum What is diverticulosis? Condition in which diverticula can be found within the colon, especially the sigmoid; diverticula are actually false diverticula in that only mucosa and submucosa herniate through the bowel musculature; true diverticula involve all layers of the bowel wall and are rare in the colon Describe the patho...

Liver neoplasms (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is the most common liver cancer? Metastatic disease outnumbers primary tumors 20:1; primary site is usually the GI tract What is the most common primary malignant liver tumor? Hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) What is the most common primary benign liver tumor? Hemangioma What lab tests comprise the workup for liver metastasis? LFTs (AST and alkaline phosphatase are most useful), CEA for...

Gastric Cancer (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is the incidence of gastric cancer? Low in United States (10/100,000); high in Japan (78/100,000) What are the associated risk factors? Diet—smoked meats, high nitrates, low fruits and vegetables, alcohol, tobacco Environment—raised in high-risk area, poor socioeconomic status, atrophic gastritis, male gender, blood type A, previous partial gastrectomy, pernicious anemia, polyps, Helicob...

Cholangitis (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is cholangitis? Bacterial infection of the biliary tract from obstruction (either partial or complete); potentially life-threatening What are the common causes of cholangitis? Choledocholithiasis Stricture (usually postoperative) Neoplasm (usually ampullary carcinoma) Extrinsic compression (pancreatic pseudocyst/pancreatitis) Instrumentation of the bile ducts (e.g., PTC/ERCP) Biliary stent What is...

Pancreatic pseudocyst (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is a pancreatic pseudocyst? Encapsulated collection of pancreatic fluid What makes it a "pseudo" cyst? Wall is formed by inflammatory fibrosis, NOT epithelial cell lining What is the incidence of a pancreatic pseudocyst? 1 in 10 after alcoholic pancreatitis What are the associated risk factors for a pancreatic pseudocyst? Acute pancreatitis < chronic pancreatitis from alcohol What...

Pancreatic Carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct Define pancreatic carcinoma Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas arising from duct cells What are the associated risk factors for pancreatic carcinoma? Smoking 3 x risk, diabetes mellitus, heavy alcohol use, chronic pancreatitis, diet high in fried meats, previous gastrectomy What is the male to female ratio for pancreatic carcinoma? 3:2 What is the African American to white ratio for pancreatic ...

Pyloric Stenosis (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is it pyloric stenosis? Hypertrophy of smooth muscle of pylorus, resulting in obstruction of outflow What are the associated risks for pyloric stenosis? Family history, firstborn males are affected most commonly, decreased incidence in African American population What is the incidence of pyloric stenosis? 1 in 750 births, M:F ratio 4:1 What is the average age at onset of pyloric stenosis?...

Colorectal carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Define colorectal cancer? Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum What is the incidence of colorectal cancer? Most common GI cancer Second most common cancer in the United States Incidence increases with age starting at 40 and peaks at 70 to 80 years How common is colorectal cancer as a cause of cancer deaths? Second most common cause of cancer deaths What is the lifetime risk of colorectal canc...