NURS 611 (NURS611)

Influence cell damage by giving up electron causing chemical injury to the cell membrane correct answer: free radical These are also considered Reactive Oxygen Species correct answer: Free radicals during cell injury ____ ____ cause enzymatic digestion of the ________ & ________ which Halts what? correct answer: nucleus, nucleolus, lysosomal leaking, synthesis of the DNA How does HYPERKALEMIA affect CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY? correct answer: Hypopolarization of the cardiac cells What...

Maryville Patho NURS 611 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions

Describe the characteristics of apoptosis. correct answer: A programmed cell death that is regulated or programmed. Necrosis: characterized by rapid loss of the plasma membrane structure, organelle swelling, mitochondrial dysfunction. Hypoxia is the #1 major cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis especially to the kidneys and heart. (Myocardial infarction) Page 52: What's new: Current research supports that after muscle heart injury that stem cells exist in the heart and differenti...

Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus correct answer: Swelling commonly seen after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to dangerous increases in intracranial pressure. This increase can push on the pituitary leading to decreased ADH secretion = polyuria. Parasympathetic Nervous System correct answer: Mediated by acetylcholine; controls rest and digest; conserves energy and the body's resources; controls everyday metabolism Sympathetic Nervous System correct answer: Mediated by catecholamines...

Parasympathetic Nervous System correct answer: Conserves energy and the body's resources Sympathetic Nervous System correct answer: Responds to stress by preparing the body to defend itself. What catecholamine is released during sympathetic nervous system? correct answer: Epinephrine What else happens during sympathetic nervous system is activated? correct answer: After epinephrine is released it mobilizes the energy stores to increase glucose and decrease insulin. Redistribute.l b...

Pathologic hyperplasia correct answer: Produces an abnormal proliferation of abnormal cells Free radicals may be produced by correct answer: spontaneous decay of superoxide Alcohol (ethanol) correct answer: is metabolized via the microsomal p-450 oxidase pathway Aging is associated with correct answer: increased cross-linking of collagen What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes ...

Sodium - Main ECF ion. Potassium - Main ICF ion. Mitochondria - Organelle that produces ATP. Ribosomes - Organelles responsible for protein synthesis. Lysosomes - Organelles that degrade and recycle waste. Peroxisomes - Organelles that break down chemicals into H202, produces free radicals. Golgi Apparatus - Organelle responsible for packaging and distribution. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Organelle that synthesizes steroids and detoxification. Tight Junction - Impermea...

What is Apoptosis? correct answer: A programmed cell death What is necrosis? correct answer: Death of most or all of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or failure of the blood supply. Characteristics of tissue necrosis correct answer: 1) Rapid loss of of the plasma membrane structure 2) Organelle swelling 3) Mitochondrial dysfunction Hypoxia correct answer: What is the #1 major cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis. (especially the kidney and heart) ...

Maryville Patho NURS 611 Exam 2. dr. wunderlich Questions With Complete Solutions

Apoptosis correct answer: programmed death such as inflammation Necrosis correct answer: cellular injury such as MI, hypoxia Atrophy correct answer: physiologic atrophy of the thymus gland in childhood Hypertrophy correct answer: increase in cell size Physiologic hypertrophy would be increase in myocardial cell size r/t endurance training Pathologic hypertrophy would be secondary to disease such as HTN Hyperplasia correct answer: increase in number of cells Compensatory hyper...