Lectknancy

plasma membrane - ANSWER-Fatty film so thin and transparent that it cannot be seen directly in the light of the light microscope. Structure is based on a two-ply sheet of lipid molecules about 5 nm - or 50 atoms - thick. Is penetrated by highly selective channels and pumps - protein molecules that allow specific substances to be imported and others to be exported. Is also involved in cell communication as well as cell growth and motility. internal membranes - ANSWER-In eucaryotic cells, addit...

Cell Respiration - ANSWER-Process by which cells harvest the energy stored in food molecules; usually accompanied by the uptake to O2 and the release of CO2. Oxidative Phosphorylation - ANSWER-Process in bacteria and mitochondria in which ATP formation is driven by the transfer of electrons from food molecules to molecular oxygen. Electron-Transport Chain (respiratory chain) - ANSWER-A series of membrane-embedded electron carrier molecules that facilitate the movement of electrons from a h...

How does cell-cell signaling influence animal development in an embryo? (3) - ANSWER--receive signals to designate their specialization -receive signals to where they will locate -receive signals on whether it will survive, die, or divide what is signal transduction? - ANSWER-the transmission of molecular signals from a cell's exterior to its interior; converting the signals that carry information from one form to another Explain these terms in how they relate to one another: -signalin...

Cytoskeleton - ANSWER-•A network of proteins that extend throughout the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus What are the functions of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER-•Cell shape •Movement •Cell Adhesion •Intracellular traffic •Cell division •Other specialized functions What are the 3 types of protein filaments found in the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER-•Intermediate filaments •Microtubules •Actin filaments Intermediate filaments - ANSWER-•Most stable and durable of all cyt...

17-1) Which of the following types of cells would you expect to contain a high density of intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm? Explain. A. Amoeba proteus, B. Skin epithelial cells, C. Smooth muscle cells in the digestive tract, D. E. Coli, E. Nerve cell in the spinal cord, F. Sperm Cell, G. Plant Cell - ANSWER-Intermediate filaments help with tensile forces. Sperm cells and amoeba don't undergo tensile forces. E. coli has no filaments at all. And plant cells maintain their shape with a...

cell cycle - ANSWER-The orderly sequence of events by which a cell duplicates and divides into two. M phase - ANSWER-Period of the eukaryotic cell cycle during which the nucleus and cytoplasm divide. interphase - ANSWER-Long period of the cell cycle between mitosis and the next. Includes G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. S phase - ANSWER-Period during a eukaryotic cell cycle in which DNA is synthesized. G1 phase - ANSWER-Gap 1 phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle; falls between the end ...

Epithelial Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue lines and covers; densely packed cells, some specialized Connective Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue with few cells, much extracellular matrix Muscle Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue that's skeletal, smooth, cardiac Nervous Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue for neurons and glial cells Organs - ANSWER-Four tissues combined and organized form Human Skin - ANSWER-Largest organ with all 4 tissue types Digestive Tract - ANSWER-Contains epithelial, connective, and muscle tissue ...

alternative splicing - ANSWER-Splicing of RNA transcripts from the same gene in different ways, each of which produces a distinct protein. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ANSWER-Enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. anticodon - ANSWER-Sequence of three nucleotides in a transfer RNA molecule that is complementary to the three-nucleotide codon on a messenger RNA molecule; each anticodon is matched to a specific amino acid covalently attached el...

Life: - ANSWER-Cells are the fundamental units of life All living things are composed of cells Cells: - ANSWER-Membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solution of chemicals and endowed with ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing Common features to all life forms: - ANSWER-1.) Hereditary information in the fertilized egg cell determines the nature of the whole multicellular organism 2.) All cells store their hereditary info in the same linear chemical code: DNA...

signal transduction - ANSWER-conversion of an impulse or stimulus from one physical or chemical form to another cell signaling - ANSWER-the molecular mechanisms by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli and send messages to other cells hormone - ANSWER-extracellular signal molecule that is secreted and transported via the bloodstream (in animals) or the sap (in plants) to target tissues on which it exerts a specific effect local mediator - ANSWER-secreted signal molecule tha...