Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Epithelial Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue lines and covers; densely packed cells, some specialized Connective Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue with few cells, much extracellular matrix Muscle Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue that's skeletal, smooth, cardiac Nervous Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue for neurons and glial cells Organs - ANSWER-Four tissues combined and organized form Human Skin - ANSWER-Largest organ with all 4 tissue types Digestive Tract - ANSWER-Contains epithelial, connective, and muscle tissue ...

alternative splicing - ANSWER-Splicing of RNA transcripts from the same gene in different ways, each of which produces a distinct protein. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ANSWER-Enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. anticodon - ANSWER-Sequence of three nucleotides in a transfer RNA molecule that is complementary to the three-nucleotide codon on a messenger RNA molecule; each anticodon is matched to a specific amino acid covalently attached el...

Life: - ANSWER-Cells are the fundamental units of life All living things are composed of cells Cells: - ANSWER-Membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solution of chemicals and endowed with ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing Common features to all life forms: - ANSWER-1.) Hereditary information in the fertilized egg cell determines the nature of the whole multicellular organism 2.) All cells store their hereditary info in the same linear chemical code: DNA...

signal transduction - ANSWER-conversion of an impulse or stimulus from one physical or chemical form to another cell signaling - ANSWER-the molecular mechanisms by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli and send messages to other cells hormone - ANSWER-extracellular signal molecule that is secreted and transported via the bloodstream (in animals) or the sap (in plants) to target tissues on which it exerts a specific effect local mediator - ANSWER-secreted signal molecule tha...

DNA --->RNA--->Protein - ANSWER-In all living things, genetic information flows from __________ to _________ to ___________. Robert Hooke - ANSWER-By the 17th century, lenses were powerful enough to make out details invisible to the naked eye. Using an instrument equipped with such a lens, ________________ examined apiece of cork and in 1665 reported to the Royal Society of London that the cork was composed of a mass of minute chambers. He called these chambers "cells", based on their...

Define cell - ANSWER-Cells are membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solutions of chemicals and endowed with the ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing What are the universal features of cells on earth? - ANSWER-1. Hereditary info in the fertilized egg cell determines the nature of the whole multicellular organism 2. All cells store their hereditary info in the same linear chemical code: DNA 3. Cells Replicate their hereditary info by templated polymerization ...

DNA contains sequences that: A. code for proteins. B. code for functional RNA molecules. C. are seemingly dispensable. D. regulate gene activity. E. All the above - ANSWER-E: All the above T/F: All cells require oxygen to live. - ANSWER-FALSE In what way are all cells alike? A. They are round in shape. B. They are about a tenth of a millimeter in diameter. C. They store their genetic instructions in DNA. D. They require oxygen to live. - ANSWER-C. They store their genetic in...

Both multicellular plants and animals have _____________________. (a) cells capable of locomotion. (b) cells with cell walls. (c) a cytoskeleton composed of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. (d) tissues composed of multiple different cell types. - ANSWER-d Which of the following statements about plant cell walls is true? (a) The microtubule cytoskeleton directs the orientation in which cellulose is deposited in the cell wall. (b) The molecular components of the ...

Which of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? (a) The ER is the major site for new membrane synthesis in the cell. (b) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth ER. (c) Steroid hormones are synthesized on the smooth ER. (d) The ER membrane is contiguous with the outer nuclear membrane. - ANSWER-(b) is false. Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on rough ER; these areas appear "rough" because ribosomes are...

7-3 Consider two genes that are next to each other on a chromosome, as arranged in Figure Q7-3. Which of the following statements is true? (a) The two genes must be transcribed into RNA using the same strand of DNA. (b) If gene A is transcribed in a cell, gene B cannot be transcribed. (c) Gene A and gene B can be transcribed at different rates, producing different amounts of RNA within the same cell. (d) If gene A is transcribed in a cell, gene B must be transcribed - ANSWER-Gene A and ge...