Biochemistry Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

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Biochemistry Final Exam(Study for the Biochemistry Final All quizzes and tests given and answers to final

What was originally considered to be the genetic material? Why? Correct Answer-Proteins were considered to be the genetic material because they were inherently more complex than DNA. Avery, McCarty, MacLeod experiment Correct Answer-First, think about Griffith's experiment and how even heat killed strains of S. pneumococcus still led to death of non pathogenic cells ⁃ Process: Grind up virulent cells, isolate the active genetic material ('transforming principle') and infuse it into non...

QUIZ 3 Correct Answer--------- Which of the following statements are FALSE? Mark all that apply. 1. A knockout mouse is constructed by injecting a sample of recombinant DNA into a fertilized mouse embryo. Injected DNA is then randomly incorporated into the mouse's genome. 2. miRNAs hybridize perfectly with target mRNAs. 3. In RNAi, if a perfectly complementary 21-nt mRNA is found, Dicer will cleave the mRNA, which knocks down target gene expression. 4. Diploid yeast cells can be ...

Resolution Correct Answer-small dist b/t 2 pts can be distinguished; D = .61λ/Nsinα, want lower D; Light microscope 200nM Bright field microscopy Correct Answer-normal light type Phase-contrast Correct Answer-altered phase interference of unobstructed light; looks like cells are surrounded by light DIC Correct Answer-3D looking cells Confocal Correct Answer-3D imaging with fluorescence, progessively capture full surface in focus by removing out of focus; normal point-scanning vs....

R1-R2C=NH Correct Answer-imine RO-CO-CH3 Correct Answer-acetyl R-SH Correct Answer-sulfhydryl/thiol R-CO-SR Correct Answer-thioester RO-PO2-OH Correct Answer-phosphoryl hydrogen bond Correct Answer-an electrostatic attraction between the O of one molecule and the H of another H must be bonded to F,O,N H bond acceptor Correct Answer-a LP on an electronegative atom H bond donor Correct Answer-an H bonded to F,O,N amphipathic molecule Correct

Steps of embryonic development Correct Answer-1) Zygote (fertilized egg) undergoes early cleavages -> morula (group of equivalent, undistinguishable cells) 2) As morula grows, cell acquires specific characteristics & some morphological differences (ex. embryonic axes) -> blastula (characterized by presence of hollow cavity, blastocele) 3) Gastrulation (gastrula) originates 3 definitive germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) 4) Once scaffold & primordial for tissues & organs laid out...

reaction catalyzed by glycogen phosphorylase, know structures Correct Answer-a1->4 glycosidic linkage between glucose residues at a nonreducing end of glycogen is cleaved by Pi--> shortens chain by one glucose (n)glucose--> (n-1)glucose + glucose-1-phosphate What is an example of a phosphorolysis reaction? Why is phosphorolysis is more energetically efficient than hydrolysis? Correct Answer-Ex: glycogen phosphorylase shortening a glycogen chain In phosphorolysis some of the e...

Central dogma Correct Answer-DNA -> RNA -> Protein Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment Correct Answer-demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material because degradation of DNA led to a cessation of bacterial transformation Nucleotides Correct Answer-Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases Key bonds in nucleotides Correct Answer-Glycosidic and ester bonds glycosidic bond Correct Answer-Between the base and the sugar forms at 1' Ester...