Mmbio 221 byu Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

MMBIO 221 - BYU Robison Questions with Complete Solutions

Edward Jenner - Developed small pox immunization using cowpox agent Paul Ehrlich - sought a " magic bullet" to destroy pathogens Alexander Fleming - discovered penicillin Joseph Lister - Pioneered aseptic surgery John Snow - father of epidemiology (cholera in London) Ignaz Semmelweis - Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients Robert Koch - Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media Louis Pasteur -...

The three types of antigens that are used to serotype enteric bacteria. - O-outer membrane K- capsular antigen H- flagella Cause most nosocomial infections. General characteristics of a coliform. - -Rapidly ferment lactose. -Part of normal microbiota. -May be opportunistic. -Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. -Found in soil and plants. -Presence in water = impure water and poor sewage treatment. Brucella melitensis - -CDC select agent. -Causes brucellosis in people= bang's dis...

What is a semiautonomous organelle? Correct Answer-organelle with DNA which two organelles are semiautonomous? Correct Answer-mitochondria & chloroplasts what is the endosymbiotic theory? Correct Answer-explains how eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells what are terms associated with bacterial flagellum? Correct Answer-filament, hook, rod, and rings what type of cell has the most peptidoglycan? Correct Answer-Gram + what is the structural part of the cell wall w...

Fungi - Answer-cell wall made of chitin; Eukaryote Algae - Answer-cell wall made of silicates, eukaryotic Protozoa - Answer-Eukaryote Bacteria - Answer-Prokaryotic Virus - Answer-Acellular; only reproduce if they are inside of a living cell What allows a substance to cross a membrane - Answer-Protiens Substances that will never pass through a membrane - Answer-Charged substances Passive movement processes - Answer-No ATP needed 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitaed Diffusion 3. Osmosis Active Tr...

Obligate halophiles - High osmotic pressure aka lots of salt like the great salt lake Facultative halophiles - Type that causes acne can be in salty also known as osmolaric but not nessesary Neutrophiles - Most bacteria Protozoa and pathogens like neutral ph rang 6.5-7.5 Acidophiles - Really acidic as low as 0 pH Alkalineophiles - Grow best in basic range up to 11.5 ex cholera Thermophiles - Higher temperatures above 45C ex hot springs Hyperthermophiles - Hottest 80C and above Mesophiles...

Fungi - cell wall made of chitin; Eukaryote Algae - cell wall made of silicates, eukaryotic Protozoa - Eukaryote Bacteria - Prokaryotic Virus - Acellular; only reproduce if they are inside of a living cell What allows a substance to cross a membrane - Protiens Substances that will never pass through a membrane - Charged substances Passive movement processes - No ATP needed 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitaed Diffusion 3. Osmosis Active Transport processes - Uniport Aniport Sy...

Obligate halophiles - High osmotic pressure aka lots of salt like the great salt lake Facultative halophiles - Type that causes acne can be in salty also known as osmolaric but not nessesary Neutrophiles - Most bacteria Protozoa and pathogens like neutral ph rang 6.5-7.5 Acidophiles - Really acidic as low as 0 pH Alkalineophiles - Grow best in basic range up to 11.5 ex cholera Thermophiles - Higher temperatures above 45C ex hot springs Hyperthermophiles - Hottest 80C and above ...

Define and describe the physical, chemical, and cellular components of the innate immune response. - Physical factors are barriers to entry or processes that remove microbes from the body's surface The epidermis consists of layers of tightly packed epithelial cells that are periodically shed. (makes up dust) That it is dry makes it inhospitable to microbes. Cebum- unsat fatty acids; inhibit growth of persperation Chemical factors are substances made by the body that inhibit microbial gr...

Edward Jenner - Developed small pox immunization using cowpox agent Paul Ehrlich - sought a " magic bullet" to destroy pathogens Alexander Fleming - discovered penicillin Joseph Lister - Pioneered aseptic surgery John Snow - father of epidemiology (cholera in London) Ignaz Semmelweis - Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients Robert Koch - Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media Louis Pasteur -...